An Analysis of the Implementation of the Wakalah bil Ujrah Contract in Shopee E-Commerce Transactions: A Review from the Perspective of Islamic Economic Law

Abstract

The emergence of smartphones has provided effective solutions for entrepreneurs and intellectuals to stabilize the economy digitally by marketing products through online marketplaces. This model of electronic commerce enables the sale of goods and services more broadly, supports micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in remote areas without physical storefronts, and offers consumers a new shopping experience. This study aims to: (1) describe the implementation of the wakalah bil ujrah contract on the Shopee e-commerce platform, and (2) analyze the compliance of this contract with Islamic economic law. This qualitative research adopts a normative juridical library research approach. Data were collected through document studies, including fatwas issued by the Indonesian Council of Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia) and official educational articles from Shopee's website. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques with an objective interpretation of legal texts and sharia provisions. The results indicate that the implementation of the wakalah bil ujrah contract on Shopee involves the muwakkil (seller), the wakil (Shopee), the muwakkil fih (goods or services), and the sighat ijab qabul (account verification), with the ujrah fee paid according to the quantity of products successfully sold to buyers. Based on DSN MUI Fatwa No. 52/DSN-MUI/III/2006 regarding Wakalah bil Ujrah in Sharia Insurance, this practice is deemed permissible (mubah) and valid, as it fulfills the essential pillars and conditions of the contract under Islamic economic law.